笔记百科重阳节
名词：Double Ninth Festival;
例句：这又叫重阳节。
Its also called the Double Ninth Festival.
Double Ninth Festival, also known as Chong Jiu festival, is a Han Chinese traditional festival. Double Ninth Festival celebration will generally include sightseeing trips, climbing mountains, watching chrysanthemum, wearing cornel, eating Double Ninth cake, drinking chrysanthemum wine and other activities.
重阳节，又被称为“重九节”，是中国汉族的传统节日，重阳节有秋游、登高、赏菊、佩插茱萸、吃重阳糕、饮菊花酒等习俗。
The meaning of Chong Yang is originated from the “Book of Changes”. Because the ancient “Book of Changes” defined “six” as negative numbers and the “nine” as positive numbers. On the ninth day of the ninth lunar month, two nine-phase weight and therefore called Chong Yang, also called Chong Jiu. Ancients thought that Chong Jiu is the auspicious day which is worth celebrating. As a result, people began to celebrate the holiday very early.
“重阳”之名称来源于古籍《易经》，书中把“六”定为阴数，把“九”定为阳数，农历九月初九，两个阳数重在一起，故名“重阳”，又名“重九”，古人认为重九是一个值得庆贺的吉祥日子，因此，人们很早便开始庆祝重阳节。
The 9th day of the 9th lunar month are homonyms with “long” in Chinese culture. Nine in the figure is the maximum number which has implications of longevity. Besides, the fall season of the year is the golden harvest season. Double Ninth Festival is meaningful. People have always had a special festival feeling.
九在汉语中是“久（长久）”的谐音，在数字中又是最大数，隐含“长寿”之意，此外，秋天又是丰收的黄金季节，因此，重阳节意义深远，人们对此节日历来有着特殊的感情。
01
Historical Development 历史演变
Double Ninth Festival has a history of more than two thousand years. The origin of Double Ninth Festival can be traced back to the Spring and Autumn Period. In Warring States Period, Double Ninth Festival has been emphasized, but the activity is carried out in royal palace.
重阳节有两千多年的历史了，其起源可以追溯到春秋时期。在战国时期，重阳节很受重视，但这一活动是在皇宫中进行的。
In Han Dynasty, the custom of Double Ninth Festival was increasingly popular. According to legend, the Han emperor Liu’s concubine Ms. Qi was murdered by Queen Lu. One of Ms. Qi’s housemaid named Ms. Jia was expelled and married a common people outside the royal palace. Ms. Jia brought the custom of Double Ninth Festival to the folks. Ms. Jia told people that on the ninth day of the ninth lunar month each year, people should wear cornel, drink chrysanthemum wine and eat double ninth cake so as to live longer. Since then, the folk customs of Double Ninth Festival was widely spread.
在汉代，重阳节的习俗越来越流行。相传汉高祖刘邦的妃子戚夫人遭到吕后的谋害，戚夫人的一位侍女贾氏被逐出宫，嫁与贫民为妻。贾氏便把重阳的活动带到了民间。贾氏对人说：在皇宫中，每年九月初九，都要佩茱萸、饮菊花酒、吃重阳糕，以求长寿，从此重阳的风俗便在民间传开了。
The name of Double Ninth Festival was first seen in the records of the Warring Periods. In the Wei and Jin Dynasties, there appeared written records of the custom of admiring the beauty of chrysanthemum and drink chrysanthemum wine.
关于重阳节的记载最早出现在战国时期的记录中。至魏晋时，出现了赏菊、饮菊花酒习俗的文字记载。
In Tang Dynasty, Double Ninth Festival was officially set up as a national festival. Since then, the court and the civil both celebrate Double Ninth Festival, and hold a variety of activities during the festival.
在唐代，重阳节被正式定为全国性的节日，从那时起，朝廷和民间都庆祝重阳节，并在节日期间举行各种活动。
In Song Dynasty, the festival had developed more popular among the people. In Ming Dynasty, imperial concubines and servants would eat double ninth cake since the first day of the ninth lunar month. On the ninth day of the ninth lunar month, the emperor would climb Wan Sui Mountain so as to express his autumn ambitions. In Qing Dynasty, the custom of Double Ninth Festival prevailed as before.
到了宋代，这个节日发展得更受人们的欢迎。明代皇宫中嫔妃和宫女太监从初一时就开始一起吃花糕庆祝，九日重阳，皇帝还要亲自到万岁山登高览胜，以畅秋志。清代，这些风俗依旧盛行。
Since the 1980s, some places of China set up the ninth day of the ninth lunar month as the Elder’s Festival. They also advocate the whole society to establish respect and care for the elderly. In 1989, the Chinese government set up the ninth day of the ninth lunar month as the “Festival for the Elderly”, “Senior Citizen’s Day.” On December 28, 2012, China’s National People’s Congress voted by the newly revised “elderly Protection Act.” As the Law clearly shows, the ninth day of ninth lunar month as the Elder’s Festival.
从20世纪80年代开始，中国的一些地方就把农历九月初九定为老人节，他们还提倡全社会树立尊重关爱老人的观念。1989年，我国政府将农历九月初九定为“敬老节”。2012年12月28日，中国全国人大投票通过了新修订的《中华人民共和国老年人权益保障法》，规定每年农历九月初九为“老年节”。
02
Folk Custom 民间习俗
Climb Mountains
登高
There is the custom of climbing mountains in Double Ninth Festival. In the ninth lunar month, the autumn sky is clear and the air is crisp. To climb mountains and look in the distance can be relaxed and happy.
重阳节有登高的习俗。农历九月，秋高气爽，登高远眺是非常愉悦轻松的。
Admire the Beauty of Chrysanthemum
赏菊
Double Ninth Day, there has always been the custom of admiring chrysanthemum. So since ancient times, it is also known as Chrysanthemum Festival. Lunar ninth month was known as chrysanthemum month. Since the Three Kingdoms and Wei and Jin Dynasties, drinking chrysanthemum wine, admiring chrysanthemum and writing poems has become fashionable. In ancient Chinese customs, the chrysanthemum is a symbol of longevity.
重阳日，历来就有赏菊花的风俗，所以古来又称菊花节。农历九月正是菊花盛开的时节，从三国魏晋以来，重阳聚会饮酒、赏菊赋诗已成时尚。在中国古俗中，菊花象征长寿。
Drink Chrysanthemum Wine
饮菊花酒
Chrysanthemum contain health ingredients. In “Bao Pu Zi” written by Ge Hong in Jin Dynasty, there are the record of people who drank the raw water grown chrysanthemum enjoyed longevity. Drink chrysanthemum wine on Double Ninth Festival is a traditional Chinese customs. Drinking chrysanthemum wine is regarded as a way to block off disasters and evil things. Therefore, chrysanthemum wine is seen as “auspicious wine” in ancient China.
菊花含有养生成分，晋代葛洪《抱朴子》有饮用遍生菊花的甘谷水而益寿的记载。重阳佳节饮菊花酒，是中国的传统习俗。饮菊花酒具有祛灾去邪的寓意，因此，菊花酒在古代被看作是“吉祥酒”。
03
Poetry 诗词
历代诗词中有不少贺重阳、咏菊花的诗词佳作，其中我们最耳熟能详的应该是唐代诗人王维的《九月九日忆山东兄弟》 ：
九月九日忆山东兄弟
独在异乡为异客，
每逢佳节倍思亲。
遥知兄弟登高处，
遍插茱萸少一人。
Thinking of My Brothers on Mountain Climbing Day
Alone, a lonely stranger in a foreign land,
I doubly pine for kinsfolk on a holiday.
I know my brothers would, with dogwood spray in hand,
Climb up mountain and miss me so far away.
（翻译：许渊冲）
